1 . 限定性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义这种从句和主句的关系十分密切,写时不用逗号分开
2 . as引导的非限制性定语从句与主句之间有着较为密切的上下文联系,as本身含有“正如”之意;而which引导的非限制性定语从句与主句之间在逻辑意义上近似并列句,which本身表示“这”或“这一点”之意。例如:
3 . as用作关系代词和关系副词引导限定性定语从句,在从句中作主语定语表语或状语,常与thesame…as;such…as,so…as,as…as连用
4 . 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
5 . ThisisthebookonwhichIspentyuan
6 . Toshutyoureyestofacts,asmanyofyoudo,isfoolish
7 . Hewillgiveyousuchinformationaswillhelpyou
8 . ThisisthebestEnglishfilmthatIhaveeverseen
9 . who指人,做主语
10 . Thisisthefactorythat/whichIworkedin
1 . Thehouse(that//whichweliveinisnotlarge
2 . 在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句
3 . Hethatgainstimegainsallthings谁赢得时间,谁就赢得一切。
4 . theboxwhichisfullofbooksshouldbeemptyassoonaspossible
5 . Thisisthemanthat//whohelpedme
6 . Iwanttohavesuchadictionaryashehas
7 . .嵌套式定语从句
8 . Whose用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同ofwhich互换),例如:
9 . the book that you borrowed from me yesterday is helens ,not mine
10 . 这是我读过的最有趣的`小说。
1 . thebookthatyouborrowedfrommeyesterdayishelens,notmine
2 . that引出的定语从句,指的是与先行词同一事物;而as引出的定语从句是与先行词相似的同类事物
3 . )which,that
4 . (Isthisthefactory_______wevisitedlastweek?
5 . 介词的选择与主句中先行词的搭配密切相关。例如:
6 . Theboywho//whomwesawyesterdayisJohn’sbrother
7 . TheseareallthepicturesthatIhaveseen
8 . TomistheonlyoneoftheboyswhoisfromtheUSA
9 . Ourschoolisnottheonethatitusedtobe
10 . HelaughedatthegirlThegirlshairwasyellow
1 . 这就是我曾经工作过的工厂。
2 . 如:
3 . 她是我见过的最漂亮的`女孩。
4 . ⑥先行词既有人又有物时
5 . Thefirsttime(thatIsawhimwasin
6 . IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing
7 . 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词
8 . 关系代词在定语从句中做主语,宾语,定语
9 . do you think the picture that is taken by john is good?
10 . (Isthisfactory_______wevisitedlastweek?
1 . thisisthebookwhichilikethemost
2 . Thatsthereasonforwhichhewaslateforschool
3 . Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
4 . 嵌套式定语从句是指一个句子中定语从句套定语从句的情况。这种结构中的定语从句其实和自由式定语从句基本相似,拆开来也是一个独立的定语从句,只不过一个定语从句在另一个定语从句之中而已。因此,其翻译也与简单的定语从句相同。这里也仅举一例加以说明:
5 . that/whichweareinterestedin
6 . Thefilmwhich(thatwesawlastnightwasquitemoving
7 . Hisfatherdiedtheyear(that/when/inwhichhewasborn他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
8 . 他将于四月访问我们学校,到时,他将给我们做一个关于如何学英语的讲座。
9 . Thisisthebabywhomyouwilllookafter
10 . the dog that is eating over there belongs to the shopkeeper
1 . the teacher who teaches us maths is a young man
2 . =ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMrLi(介词后whom不能省略
3 . Thespeech,whichhehadwrittenonthepaper,seemedendless
4 . ⑦time做先行词,前面如果有序数词或last来修饰时,定语从句用that来引导或省略;如果没有序数词或last来修饰时,既可用when也可用that来引导
5 . )that代替关系副词
6 . Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity
7 . IwanttousethesametoolasIusedyesterday
8 . which引导的非限定性定语从句一般放在句未,而as引导的非限定性定语从句可放在句未,也可放在句中句首放在句首时不能用which替换
9 . Iknowthereasonwhyhecamelate
10 . (错)ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear
1 . ThustheArabUmayyeddynastyofcaliphs,whichhadmovedthecapitalfromMedinetoDamascusin,cametoberegardedwithmuchjustificationasaparasiticcliquethathadoutliveditsusefulnessoncetheconquestswerecompleted
2 . ④先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame等修饰时
3 . Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid
4 . Heisthebestgeneralwhomakesthefewestmistakes—Hamilton错误犯得最少的将军就是最好的将军。——汉密尔顿
5 . as做主语,表语,宾语;先行词可以是一个词,一个短语或一个句子
6 . Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which/that在句中作主语)
7 . 定语从句中谓语动词是含有介词的动词短语时,介词应放在动词之后,不能拆开放在关系代词前。例如:
8 . i like the movie that i watched yesterday
9 . Thebabieswhomthenursesarelookingforareveryhealthy
10 . DoyouknowthewomanwhosenameisMary
1 . Hehadmanyfriends,manyofwhomhadbeenintheuniversities
2 . 关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于"介词+which"结构,因此常常和"介词+which"结构交替使用,例如:
3 . 先行词被all,few,little,much,every,some,no等词修饰或被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等限定词修饰时。例如:
4 . 做定语从句的时间状语
5 . as引导的非限制性定语从句的位置比较灵活,可以放在主句前,也可以放在主句后,还可插在主句的中间;而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如:
6 . Thisistheverydictionarythatisofgreathelp
7 . All(thatyouhavetodoistopractiseeveryday
8 . Ican’tfindtheletterthat//whichcamethismorning
9 . =Thehouseinwhichweliveisnotlarge
10 . Theletter(that//whichIreceivedwasfrommyfather
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